Messier – Page 7 – Crayford Manor House Astronomical Society Dartford

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The Andromeda Galaxy (also known as M31, or NGC 224 and often referred to as the Great Andromeda Nebula) is a spiral galaxy approximately 2.5 million light-years away in the constellation Andromeda. It is the nearest spiral galaxy to our own, the Milky Way. As it is visible as a faint smudge on a moonless night, it is one of the farthest objects visible to the naked eye, and can be seen even from urban areas with binoculars.

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Images by Leigh Slomer

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[caption id="" align="aligncenter" width="800"] M31 - Leight Slomer20200826_205920 Image by Leigh Slomer Stacked from 30 x 2 minute light frames at ISO 1600 with 20 dark and 64 flat frames. Taken using a Skywatcher Evostar 72ed Pro telescope, a Canon Eos 250d astro modified dslr and a CLS filter. Mounted on a Skywatcher HEQ5 Pro mount, unguided. Stacked with Deep Sky Stacker and processed in GIMP.[/caption]

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Images by Simon Dawes

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Images by Julian Tworek

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Images by Martin Crow

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Images by Honor Wheeler

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Images by Janice McClean

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The Eagle Nebula, M16, NGC6611

14th September 2018

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The Eagle Nebula (also known as M16 or NGC 6611), perhaps one of the most famous and easily recognized space objects, is a young open cluster of stars in the constellation Serpens, discovered by Jean-Philippe de Cheseaux in 1745-46. It is associated with a diffuse emission nebula, or H II region, which is catalogued as IC 4703. This region of active current star formation is about 7,000 light-years distant. The brightest star in the nebula has an apparent magnitude of 8.24, easily visible with good binoculars.

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Images by Debra Holton

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Images by Andrew Wilson

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Globular Cluster, M15, NGC7078

14th September 2018

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Globular Cluster M15 (also known as NGC 7078) is a globular cluster in the constellation Pegasus. It was discovered by Jean-Dominique Maraldi in 1746 and included in Charles Messier's catalogue of comet-like objects in 1764. It is estimated to be 13.2 billion years old, one of the oldest globular clusters.

M15 is at a distance of about 33,600 light-years from Earth. It has an absolute magnitude of -9.2 which translates to a total luminosity of 360,000 times that of the Sun. Messier 15 is one of the most densely packed globulars known in the Milky Way galaxy.

Images by Simon Dawes

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Images by Neil Webster

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[caption id="" align="aligncenter" width="800"] Image by Neil Webster - details not provided[/caption]

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Globular Cluster, M14, NGC6402

14th September 2018

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Messier 14 (also known as NGC 6402) is a globular cluster in the constellation Ophiuchus. It was discovered by Charles Messier in 1764.

At a distance of about 30,000 light-years, M14 contains several hundred thousand stars. At an apparent magnitude of +7.6 it can be easily observed with binoculars. Medium-sized telescopes will show some hint of the individual stars of which the brightest is of magnitude +14.

The total luminosity of M14 is in the order of 400,000 times that of the Sun corresponding to an absolute magnitude of -9.12. The shape of the cluster is decidedly elongated. M14 is about 100 light-years across.

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Imaged by Debra Holton

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Globular Cluster, M12, NGC6218

14th September 2018

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M12 (also known as NGC 6218) is a globular cluster in the constellation Ophiuchus. It was discovered by Charles Messier on May 30, 1764.

Located roughly 3° from the cluster M10, M12 is about 16,000 light-years distant and has a spatial diameter of ~75 light-years. The brightest stars of M12 are of 12th magnitude. It is rather loosely packed for a globular and M12 was once thought to be a tightly concentrated open cluster.

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Images by Andrew Wilson

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Globular Cluster, M10, NGC6254

14th September 2018

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M10 (also known NGC 6254) is a globular cluster in the constellation Ophiuchus. It was discovered by Charles Messier on May 29, 1764, it was described as a "Nebula without stars."

M10 has an apparent diameter of some 20', about 2/3 the apparent diameter of the moon, which translates to a spatial diameter of 83 light-years at its estimated distance of 14,300 light-years. Viewed through medium sized telescopes it appears about half that size (8' to 9'), as its brighter core is only 35 light-years across.

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Images by Andrew Wilson

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Globular Cluster, M9, NGC6333

8th September 2018

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Messier 9 (also known NGC 6333) is a globular cluster in the constellation Ophiuchus. It was discovered by Charles Messier in 1764.

M9 is one of the nearer globular clusters to the centre of the Milky Way Galaxy with a distance of around 5,500 light-years. Its distance from Earth is 25,800 light-years. The total luminosity of this cluster is around 120,000 times that of the Sun, the absolute magnitude being -8.04.

The brightest individual stars in M9 are of apparent magnitude 13.5, making them visible in moderately sized telescopes. There have been 13 variable stars found in M9.

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Images by Andy Wilson

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The Lagoon Nebula, M8, NGC6523

8th September 2018

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The Lagoon Nebula (also known as M8 and NGC 6523) is a giant interstellar cloud, classified as an emission nebula and H II region, in the constellation Sagittarius. At an estimated distance of 4,100 light-years, the Lagoon is one of only two star-forming nebulae faintly visible to the naked eye from mid-northern latitudes. In binoculars, the Lagoon is a distinct oval cloudlike patch with a definite core, like a pale celestial flower. The nebula has a fragile star cluster superimposed on it, making this one of the leading celestial sights of summer night skies.

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Image by Keith Rickard

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The Crab Nebula, M1, NGC1952

8th September 2018

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The Crab Nebula (catalogue designations M1, NGC 1952, Taurus A) is a supernova remnant and pulsar wind nebula in the constellation of Taurus.

The nebula was first observed by John Bevis, and corresponds to a bright supernova recorded by Chinese and Arab astronomers in 1054. Located at a distance of about 6,500 light-years (2 kpc) from Earth, the nebula has a diameter of 11 ly (3.4 pc) and expands at a rate of about 1,500 kilometres per second.

At the centre of the nebula lies the Crab Pulsar, a rotating neutron star, which emits pulses of radiation from gamma rays to radio waves with a spin rate of 30.2 times per second. The nebula was the first astronomical object identified with a historical supernova explosion.

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Images by Simon Dawes

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Images by Kevin Langford

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Images by Keith Rickard

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Images By Julian Tworek

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Images by Andrew Wilson

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The Great Globular Cluster in Hercules, M13, NGC 6205

3rd September 2018

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The Great Globular Cluster in Hercules (also known as M13, or NGC 6205) is a globular cluster in you guessed it the constellation of Hercules.

It was discovered by Edmond Halley in 1714, and catalogued by Charles Messier on June 1, 1764.

With an apparent magnitude of 5.8, it is barely visible with the naked eye on a very clear night from a dark site, (unlike the Crayford area). Its real diameter is about 145 light-years, and it is composed of several hundred thousand stars, the brightest of which is the variable star V11 with an apparent magnitude of 11.95. M13 is 25,100 light-years away from Earth.
Its diameter is about 23 arc minutes and it is readily viewable in small telescopes.

The Arecibo message of 1974 was transmitted toward this globular cluster. The reason was that with a higher star density the chances of a life harbouring planet, with intelligent life forms, were higher.

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Images of M13 by Simon Dawes

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Images of M13 by Brian Thompson

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Images of M13 by Martin Crow

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