September 2018 – Page 3 – Crayford Manor House Astronomical Society Dartford

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Messier 14 (also known as NGC 6402) is a globular cluster in the constellation Ophiuchus. It was discovered by Charles Messier in 1764.

At a distance of about 30,000 light-years, M14 contains several hundred thousand stars. At an apparent magnitude of +7.6 it can be easily observed with binoculars. Medium-sized telescopes will show some hint of the individual stars of which the brightest is of magnitude +14.

The total luminosity of M14 is in the order of 400,000 times that of the Sun corresponding to an absolute magnitude of -9.12. The shape of the cluster is decidedly elongated. M14 is about 100 light-years across.

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Imaged by Debra Holton

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Globular Cluster, M12, NGC6218

14th September 2018

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M12 (also known as NGC 6218) is a globular cluster in the constellation Ophiuchus. It was discovered by Charles Messier on May 30, 1764.

Located roughly 3° from the cluster M10, M12 is about 16,000 light-years distant and has a spatial diameter of ~75 light-years. The brightest stars of M12 are of 12th magnitude. It is rather loosely packed for a globular and M12 was once thought to be a tightly concentrated open cluster.

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Images by Andrew Wilson

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Globular Cluster, M10, NGC6254

14th September 2018

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M10 (also known NGC 6254) is a globular cluster in the constellation Ophiuchus. It was discovered by Charles Messier on May 29, 1764, it was described as a "Nebula without stars."

M10 has an apparent diameter of some 20', about 2/3 the apparent diameter of the moon, which translates to a spatial diameter of 83 light-years at its estimated distance of 14,300 light-years. Viewed through medium sized telescopes it appears about half that size (8' to 9'), as its brighter core is only 35 light-years across.

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Images by Andrew Wilson

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Globular Cluster, M9, NGC6333

8th September 2018

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Messier 9 (also known NGC 6333) is a globular cluster in the constellation Ophiuchus. It was discovered by Charles Messier in 1764.

M9 is one of the nearer globular clusters to the centre of the Milky Way Galaxy with a distance of around 5,500 light-years. Its distance from Earth is 25,800 light-years. The total luminosity of this cluster is around 120,000 times that of the Sun, the absolute magnitude being -8.04.

The brightest individual stars in M9 are of apparent magnitude 13.5, making them visible in moderately sized telescopes. There have been 13 variable stars found in M9.

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Images by Andy Wilson

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The Lagoon Nebula, M8, NGC6523

8th September 2018

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The Lagoon Nebula (also known as M8 and NGC 6523) is a giant interstellar cloud, classified as an emission nebula and H II region, in the constellation Sagittarius. At an estimated distance of 4,100 light-years, the Lagoon is one of only two star-forming nebulae faintly visible to the naked eye from mid-northern latitudes. In binoculars, the Lagoon is a distinct oval cloudlike patch with a definite core, like a pale celestial flower. The nebula has a fragile star cluster superimposed on it, making this one of the leading celestial sights of summer night skies.

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Image by Keith Rickard

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The Crab Nebula, M1, NGC1952

8th September 2018

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The Crab Nebula (catalogue designations M1, NGC 1952, Taurus A) is a supernova remnant and pulsar wind nebula in the constellation of Taurus.

The nebula was first observed by John Bevis, and corresponds to a bright supernova recorded by Chinese and Arab astronomers in 1054. Located at a distance of about 6,500 light-years (2 kpc) from Earth, the nebula has a diameter of 11 ly (3.4 pc) and expands at a rate of about 1,500 kilometres per second.

At the centre of the nebula lies the Crab Pulsar, a rotating neutron star, which emits pulses of radiation from gamma rays to radio waves with a spin rate of 30.2 times per second. The nebula was the first astronomical object identified with a historical supernova explosion.

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Images by Simon Dawes

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Images by Kevin Langford

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Images by Keith Rickard

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Images By Julian Tworek

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Images by Andrew Wilson

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The Great Globular Cluster in Hercules, M13, NGC 6205

3rd September 2018

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The Great Globular Cluster in Hercules (also known as M13, or NGC 6205) is a globular cluster in you guessed it the constellation of Hercules.

It was discovered by Edmond Halley in 1714, and catalogued by Charles Messier on June 1, 1764.

With an apparent magnitude of 5.8, it is barely visible with the naked eye on a very clear night from a dark site, (unlike the Crayford area). Its real diameter is about 145 light-years, and it is composed of several hundred thousand stars, the brightest of which is the variable star V11 with an apparent magnitude of 11.95. M13 is 25,100 light-years away from Earth.
Its diameter is about 23 arc minutes and it is readily viewable in small telescopes.

The Arecibo message of 1974 was transmitted toward this globular cluster. The reason was that with a higher star density the chances of a life harbouring planet, with intelligent life forms, were higher.

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Images of M13 by Simon Dawes

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Images of M13 by Brian Thompson

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Images of M13 by Martin Crow

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Images by Neil Webster

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The Dumbbell Nebula, M27, NGC6853

2nd September 2018

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The Dumbbell Nebula (also known as Messier 27, M 27, or NGC 6853) is a planetary nebula in the constellation Vulpecula, at a distance of about 1360 light years.

This object was the first planetary nebula to be discovered; by Charles Messier in 1764. At a brightness of magnitude 7.5 and its diameter of about 8 arcminutes, it is easily visible in binoculars, and a popular observing target in amateur telescopes.

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Images by Leigh Slomer

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Brian Thompson's Images of M27

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Simon Dawes Images of M27

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Martin Crow's Images of M27

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Gordon Collins' Images of M27

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Keith Rickard's Images of M27

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Andrew Wilson's Images of M27

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Debra Holton's Images of M27

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Julian Tworek's Images of M27

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Images by Neil Webster

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The Great Orion Nebula, M42

2nd September 2018

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| Webmaster

| 10:53 am

The Orion Nebula (also known as M42, or NGC 1976) is a diffuse nebula situated south of Orion's Belt. It is one of the brightest nebulae, and is visible to the naked eye in the night sky - even on a good evening in Bexleyheath.

M42 is located at a distance of 1,270±76 light years and is the closest region of massive star formation to Earth. The M42 nebula is estimated to be 24 light years across.

The Orion Nebula is one of the most scrutinized and photographed objects in the night sky, and is among the most intensely studied celestial features. The nebula has revealed much about the process of how stars and planetary systems are formed from collapsing clouds of gas and dust. Astronomers have directly observed protoplanetary disks, brown dwarfs, intense and turbulent motions of the gas, and the photo-ionizing effects of massive nearby stars in the nebula.

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M42 Images by Simon Dawes

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M42 Images by Julian Tworek

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M42 Images by Brian Thompson

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M42 Images by Honor Wheeler

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M42 Images by Martin Crow

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M42 Images by Keith Rickard

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Images by Leigh Slomer

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M42 Images by Andy Wilson

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Images by Neil Webster

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Images by Steve Goldson